Arctic Hyporheic Zone Project
II. Installation of
Thermocouples in Streambed
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You should have several strings of TCs prepared (from this page). When you find a suitable cross-section on a stream, you will need to deploy the TC strings into the subsurface. The description below will make this process seem easier that it is (especially if it's snowing).

You will need the following equipment (and maybe more):

Click on images to watch videos.
Step 1. Establish a Hole.
After you have slected a particular location for a TC string installation on the streambed, begin by driving the McNamara drive bar and sleeve into place using the fence post driver.
pounding fig
double click to run video
sledge hammer fig
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Finish off the installation with some delicate sledge hammer work.
Step 2. Remove drive bar from sleeve.
After you have reached a sufficient depth (by measuring the penetration depth and subtracting from the bar length), remove the drive bar from the sleeve using a large pipe wrench.
remove bar from sleeve
install TC string
Step 3. Install TC string.
After the bar has been removed, carefully snake the TC string down into the sleeve. Check to be sure that the "reference mark" on your TC string wire is exposed and is in the proper place with respect to the end of the sleeve.
Step 4. Remove the sleeve, leave the TC string.
This is the most delicate part of the installation, and it requires 2 or 3 people to be accomplished well. You will now need to use the large pipe wrench to twist and pull the steel sleeve out of the streambed. Someone should hold the TC string in place while another (or 2) coax the sleeve out. We have found that slow progress is made at first, then it seems to speed up the further out the bar is. REMEMBER you will have to pull all of the TC wire through the sleeve, so be very careful guiding the rest through.
removal fig
double click to run video
Step 5. Measure, record, and activate.
You will want to measure the distance from the streambed where the TC string is inserted up the TC string to your "reference mark". The installation depth of the deepest TC is the length from that TC to the reference mark minus the length you measure above the streambed. All other TC locations can be computed similarly. Record all of these distances. Now you can connect the TC leads to the multiplexer.
measure, record, activate
secure the wire bundles
Step 6. Secure the wire.
Fianlly, you need to secure the TC strings as the wire has to get back to the streambank. Carefully place the wire under rocks to secure it, and use duckbill anchors if necessary.

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This page was created 04-Aug-2003.
This page was last updated 05-Sept-2007.
Questions?  mgooseff@engr.psu.edu